Spatio-temporal Retail Competition Factors Accessibility in Hakata Station, Japan

Retail accessibility refers to the attractiveness of place especially in the transport hub that serves a number of passengers each day. Retail activities are crucial for providing a variety of space utilizations which gives more options to the transport hub’s users. A change of Spatio-temporal accessibility needs to be analyzed in order to identify the spatial accessibility potential in transport hubs where the density of people depends on the activity and the time of the day. In this paper, the study presents a new approach to measure competition factors of accessibility by emphasizing centrality analysis tools that help to simulate potential demand as well as implement the reverse proportional of conventional competition factors accessibility measures for determining the level of competition factors accessibility of retail activities. The results illustrated the Spatio-temporal accessibility performance of each type of retailer in the Hakata station. The consequent impacts regarding infrastructure efficiency, circulation network, and the time temporal in the day affects the accessibility and the way people perceive the activity’s attractiveness. This study could help decision-makers identifying the dynamic of the attractiveness of spatial retail activity throughout the day for assisting in their spatial planning work.