Prevalence of left ventricular non-compaction and factors associated with left ventricular systolic dysfunction in patients who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging

Background: Left ventricular non-compaction [LVNC] cardiomyopathy is a cause of left ventricular systolic dysfunction [LVSD]. Objective: To investigate the prevalence of LVNC, and the factors associated with LVSD in patients who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance [CMR] imaging. Materials and Methods: This retrospective chart and imaging review included consecutive adult patients who underwent CMR at Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand between January and March 2012. Non-compact layer [NC] and compact layer [C] diameters were measured in each of three long-axis views. The maximum value of NC/C was used. LVNC was diagnosed if the NC/C value was greater than 2.3. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to identify factors associated with LVSD, which was defined as left ventricular ejection fraction of less than 50%. Results: Four hundred thirteen patients were included. The mean age of patients was 66.12±14.43 years, and 241 were male. The prevalence of LVNC was 3.6% (95% CI 2.2% to 5.9%). NC/C ratio in the LVNC and non-LVNC group was 3.34±0.84 and 1.56±0.47, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed the five factors that significantly associated with LVSD (all p<0.05), which were male, body mass index, heart rate, hypertension, and LVNC. Conclusion: Prevalence of LVNC was 3.63%. Factors significantly associated with LVSD were male gender, BMI, heart rate, hypertension, and maximum NC/C greater than 2.3.