Predictive factors for intensive birth resuscitation in a developing-country: a 5-year, single-center study

Objective: To identify risk factors outlined in the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) 2010 guideline and requirement for high-intensity resuscitation. Study design: A retrospective cross-sectional study of infants born to high-risk mothers from 2011 to 2015. Results: Totally 11,446 infants were analyzed; 37% were preterm, 36% were low-birth weight infants or less. 1506 infants required respiratory support; 82 (0.7%) and 61 (0.5%) infants needed chest compression and/or epinephrine. Very-preterm infants received more intensive resuscitation than moderate preterm or term infants. Breech presentation, maternal infection and maternal diabetes were significantly associated with need for respiratory support. Fetal anomalies, breech presentation, oligohydramnios, and multiple gestation were significantly associated with need for hemodynamic support. Conclusion: Most infants defined in the ILCOR 2010 guideline required nonintensive ventilation. Very-preterm infants, fetal anomalies, and breech presentation necessitate neonatal attendance at delivery. In developing countries, maternal infection and diabetes remain high-risk criteria despite deletion from the ILCOR 2016 guideline.