Mixed Reality for Group-Based, Integrated Instruction of Anatomy, Pathology, and Physical Examination

Anatomy is fundamental to medical education and clinical practice. Traditional instruction involves 2D atlases, dissections, and plastic models. Translating 2D images into a 3D spatial map is difficult. Dissections suffer from the cost of cadavers, formalin exposure, and emotional distress. Plastic models lack sufficient details and anatomical variation. Mixed reality (MR) addresses these issues by offering a rich, 3D environment where students can affordably and safely explore a virtual body. Anatomy instruction is typically delivered in small groups to promote active learning and knowledge sharing. Using MR for group study simplifies the body tracking burden because participants meet face-to-face, allowing both verbal and nonverbal communication while enabling them to safely move through the space. Medical curricula have integrated anatomy with clinical sciences to highlight its relevance. In clinical practice, students must link anatomy with pathology and diagnostic methods. We present a novel MR system that facilitates group-based, integrated instruction of anatomy, pathology, and physical examination. Feedback shows the system boosts learning, yet performance and learning curve need improvement.