Long-term outcome following regenerative periodontal treatment of intrabony defects

This study aimed to evaluate the long-term outcome of the regenerative periodontal therapy of an intrabony defect in terms of tooth survival and clinical attachment level (CAL) stability. The association between failure and patient as well as tooth variables was assessed. Treatment records of the patients who received regenerative surgery and re-evaluation at 1-year post-surgery were screened. Patient and tooth variables, defect characteristics, and types of treatments were collected. Periodontal parameters were retrieved before regenerative surgery (baseline), 1-year post-surgery, and every visits of supportive periodontal treatment (SPT) until failure, including tooth loss or CAL loss ≥2 mm was found. In this study, treatment records from 89 patients were included. These patients continued SPT from 0.5–11.16 years. Of these patients, 92.1 % survived from tooth loss, while 61.8 % survived from CAL loss ≥2 mm compared to 1-year post-surgery. At the sites with residual pocket depth <5 mm, patients attending SPT >80 % had a significantly less percentage of teeth with CAL loss ≥2 mm compared to 1-year post-surgery than those attending SPT <80 %. However, at the sites with residual pocket depth ≥5 mm, no significant difference in the percentage of teeth with CAL loss ≥2 mm was found between patients attending SPT >80 % or <80 %. Smoking, patient’s compliance, and residual pocket depth after regenerative surgery were significantly associated with tooth loss. However, these factors were not significantly associated with CAL loss compared to baseline or 1-year post-surgery.