Imaging spectrum of nonneoplastic duodenal diseases

The duodenum is a short segment of the bowel that is frequently overlooked on radiologic examination. This unique portion occupies both intraperitoneal and extraperitoneal locations, with proximity to many visceral organs, including pancreas, stomach, aorta, and liver. This close proximity creates a differentiation challenge for the radiologist. Duodenal pathologies are categorized into neoplastic and nonneoplastic conditions. Majority of radiologists are familiar with duodenal neoplasm. However, duodenal involvement by a multitude of nonneoplastic conditions can be encountered. The majority of related radiology studies have concentrated on neoplasms of the duodenum—either primary or secondary. However, a broad range of nonneoplastic conditions merit discussion. In this review, multimodality imaging features of nonneoplastic duodenal diseases are discussed and emphasized. Objective To conduct a systematic review of the frequent imaging features of nonneoplastic diseases of the duodenum, with an emphasis on accurate diagnosis so that the patient who will benefit from treatment can be identified.