Ex-vivo study investigating modified pulp-capping glass-ionomers

Jirachaya Somudorn; Hathaitip Sritanaudomchai; Puangwan Lapthanasupkul; Parichart Naruphontjirakul; Mariano N.Simon Pedano de Piero; Bart van Meerbeek; Pong Pongprueksa

doi:10.4012/dmj.2025-204

Ex-vivo study investigating modified pulp-capping glass-ionomers

Jirachaya Somudorn
, Hathaitip Sritanaudomchai
, Puangwan Lapthanasupkul
, Parichart Naruphontjirakul
, Mariano N.Simon Pedano de Piero
, Bart van Meerbeek
, Pong Pongprueksa

Mahidol University, Faculty of Dentistry
K. Mongkut's Univ. Technol. Thonburi
KU Leuven (University of Leuven) & Dentistry

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of incorporating bioactive glass into glass-ionomer cement (GIc) as a pulp-capping material using a human tooth-pulp culture model. Experimental groups included GIc mixed with three bioglasses (45S5, 45S5.5Zn, 45S5.5Sr), β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP), ProRoot MTA, or Biodentine powder. Capping with unmodified GIc and Biodentine served as controls. Pulpal healing was assessed via histology following a 28-day culture period. Fisher's exact tests determined differences in mineral foci formation and pulp-tissue organization (p<0.05). Initiation of pulp mineralization was observed only when pulps were capped with GIc_45S5 or Biodentine. While bioactive glass-modified GIcs demonstrated biocompatibility and promoted early pulpal healing (cell-rich eosinophilic zones), their mineralization potential remained lower than that of the calcium-silicate cement, Biodentine. These findings suggest that GIc_45S5 offers a potential preclinical alternative for pulp-capping, though its bioactivity requires further optimization.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	414-422
Number of pages	9
Journal	Dental Materials Journal
Volume	45
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.4012/dmj.2025-204
Publication status	Published - 2026

Keywords

Bioactive glass
Biodentine
Glass ionomer
Mineral trioxide aggregate
Tooth-pulp culture model

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10.4012/dmj.2025-204

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title = "Ex-vivo study investigating modified pulp-capping glass-ionomers",

abstract = "This study aimed to evaluate the influence of incorporating bioactive glass into glass-ionomer cement (GIc) as a pulp-capping material using a human tooth-pulp culture model. Experimental groups included GIc mixed with three bioglasses (45S5, 45S5.5Zn, 45S5.5Sr), β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP), ProRoot MTA, or Biodentine powder. Capping with unmodified GIc and Biodentine served as controls. Pulpal healing was assessed via histology following a 28-day culture period. Fisher's exact tests determined differences in mineral foci formation and pulp-tissue organization (p<0.05). Initiation of pulp mineralization was observed only when pulps were capped with GIc\_45S5 or Biodentine. While bioactive glass-modified GIcs demonstrated biocompatibility and promoted early pulpal healing (cell-rich eosinophilic zones), their mineralization potential remained lower than that of the calcium-silicate cement, Biodentine. These findings suggest that GIc\_45S5 offers a potential preclinical alternative for pulp-capping, though its bioactivity requires further optimization.",

keywords = "Bioactive glass, Biodentine, Glass ionomer, Mineral trioxide aggregate, Tooth-pulp culture model",

author = "Jirachaya Somudorn and Hathaitip Sritanaudomchai and Puangwan Lapthanasupkul and Parichart Naruphontjirakul and \{Pedano de Piero\}, \{Mariano N.Simon\} and \{van Meerbeek\}, Bart and Pong Pongprueksa",

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year = "2026",

doi = "10.4012/dmj.2025-204",

language = "English",

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T1 - Ex-vivo study investigating modified pulp-capping glass-ionomers

AU - Somudorn, Jirachaya

AU - Sritanaudomchai, Hathaitip

AU - Lapthanasupkul, Puangwan

AU - Naruphontjirakul, Parichart

AU - Pedano de Piero, Mariano N.Simon

AU - van Meerbeek, Bart

AU - Pongprueksa, Pong

N1 - Publisher Copyright: This is an open access article under the CC BY license. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

PY - 2026

Y1 - 2026

N2 - This study aimed to evaluate the influence of incorporating bioactive glass into glass-ionomer cement (GIc) as a pulp-capping material using a human tooth-pulp culture model. Experimental groups included GIc mixed with three bioglasses (45S5, 45S5.5Zn, 45S5.5Sr), β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP), ProRoot MTA, or Biodentine powder. Capping with unmodified GIc and Biodentine served as controls. Pulpal healing was assessed via histology following a 28-day culture period. Fisher's exact tests determined differences in mineral foci formation and pulp-tissue organization (p<0.05). Initiation of pulp mineralization was observed only when pulps were capped with GIc_45S5 or Biodentine. While bioactive glass-modified GIcs demonstrated biocompatibility and promoted early pulpal healing (cell-rich eosinophilic zones), their mineralization potential remained lower than that of the calcium-silicate cement, Biodentine. These findings suggest that GIc_45S5 offers a potential preclinical alternative for pulp-capping, though its bioactivity requires further optimization.

AB - This study aimed to evaluate the influence of incorporating bioactive glass into glass-ionomer cement (GIc) as a pulp-capping material using a human tooth-pulp culture model. Experimental groups included GIc mixed with three bioglasses (45S5, 45S5.5Zn, 45S5.5Sr), β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP), ProRoot MTA, or Biodentine powder. Capping with unmodified GIc and Biodentine served as controls. Pulpal healing was assessed via histology following a 28-day culture period. Fisher's exact tests determined differences in mineral foci formation and pulp-tissue organization (p<0.05). Initiation of pulp mineralization was observed only when pulps were capped with GIc_45S5 or Biodentine. While bioactive glass-modified GIcs demonstrated biocompatibility and promoted early pulpal healing (cell-rich eosinophilic zones), their mineralization potential remained lower than that of the calcium-silicate cement, Biodentine. These findings suggest that GIc_45S5 offers a potential preclinical alternative for pulp-capping, though its bioactivity requires further optimization.

KW - Bioactive glass

KW - Biodentine

KW - Glass ionomer

KW - Mineral trioxide aggregate

KW - Tooth-pulp culture model

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105045575976

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DO - 10.4012/dmj.2025-204

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:105045575976

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VL - 45

SP - 414

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JO - Dental Materials Journal

JF - Dental Materials Journal

IS - 4

ER -

Ex-vivo study investigating modified pulp-capping glass-ionomers

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Keywords

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