Emigration of young people from Russia: Forms, trends and consequences

Emigration from Russia has assumed many forms and large scales and is accompanied by the outflow of capital and the loss of intellectual and business resources for the country. Education and labor emigration are the key channels of emigration of young people from Russia. On the face of it, educational and labor migration appear the channels of temporary migration. Experience has proven that exactly education and labor migration become the channels of Russian young people’s departure for permanent place of residence. In the face of the demographic crisis, the loss of educated part of the population of active reproductive and working age is the grievous loss for the country. Demographic losses are expressed both in the decreasing number of the population and potential losses from the reduced implementation of the reproductive potential. Moreover, the reducing number of young people also causes economic problems connected with the reduction of some segments of the consumer market, the educational services market, revenue receipts and so on. A social aspect should be also noted. The society with not many young people often loses social optimism and the dynamics of development. There is the need for increased payment for labour in industries which support the outflow of highly skilled specialists abroad such, first of all, as education and science. The arrangement of conditions for professional growth and development and young professionals being in demand in the labor market will not only prevent the outflow of young people abroad, but also will attract young people, who have earlier emigrated back to the country.