Development of a Hospital Air Quality Monitoring Application Utilizing IoT Technology and Google Workspace: A Case Study of a Hospital in Mahasarakham, Thailand

Hospitals are high-risk environments where Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) significantly impacts the health and safety of personnel. Inefficient ventilation and the accumulation of pollutants can lead to Sick Building Syndrome and various non-communicable diseases. Conventional manual reporting systems often limit the speed and accuracy of risk assessment. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a digital solution to provide real-time air quality data for precise occupational risk management. This action research followed the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) and Database Life Cycle (DBLC) through seven phases. An IoT-based monitoring device was developed to measure eight critical parameters: CO2, CO, TVOCs, PM2.5, PM10, temperature, and relative humidity. The system utilized Google Apps Script for automated reporting and Google App Sheet for data visualization, with data stored and processed through Google Sheets and a cloud server. The developed system successfully integrated IoT sensors with Google Workspace for real-time monitoring via mobile and web interfaces. Evaluation results indicated a high level of user satisfaction among hospital personnel, with mean scores ranging from 4.03 to 4.50. The highest ratings were achieved in 'System Processing Speed' and 'Alignment with User Requirements' (Mean = 4.50), demonstrating that the application effectively addresses staff needs. The application proves to be an efficient tool for monitoring hospital air quality and managing occupational health risks. By integrating IoT technology with low-code platforms, the system reduces administrative workload and promotes sustainable risk management practices.