Biophotonics and nanorobotics for biomedical imaging, biosensing, drug delivery, and therapy

Biophotonics-based nanorobotics is an important development in biomedical engineering. It combines light-based technology with tiny robotic devices to improve the treatment and diagnosis of diseases. This review explains the basic ideas of biophotonics and nanorobotics. It shows how important they are for delivering drugs directly to where they are needed, for treating cancer and for enabling tissue repair through better imaging techniques. In addition, light-driven nanorobots are increasingly being used in imaging and medical procedures. We also discuss the categorization of nanorobots based on their nanomaterials, functional mechanisms and potential biomedical programs. In addition, we address critical situations in biophotonic nanorobotics, such as biocompatibility, persistent motion within the frame, and self-sufficient navigation structures. Emerging answers that incorporate synthetic intelligence and the development of device-based knowledge can improve the performance and accuracy of nanorobots. Finally, we are looking at the potential of bioluminescence-assisted nanorobotics, manufacturing methods and recognition strategies for the future. We are also exploring the integration of innovative nanomaterials, enzymes and artificial intelligence (AI) for control and hybrid actuation, which promise minimally invasive nanoscale therapies for complex diseases in real time. These innovations put biophotonic nanorobotics at the forefront of biomedical research. They offer transformative solutions to unmet clinical needs and significantly advance our understanding of biological systems.