A Thai version of mindfulness questionnaire: Srithanya sati scale

Objective: To develop a scale for assessing mindfulness named Srithanya Sati Scale (SSS) in Thai context. Methods: Fourteen items were derived with the help from meditation experts. These were then validated by 16 mental health experts followed by analysis of their psychometric properties. A total of 466 subjects were purposively sampled from various sources. The construct validity of the scale was examined by confirmatory factor analysis. The hierarchical model was applied to test whether 3-factor model of SSS could adequately explain overall mindfulness. Test-retest reliability and the internal consistency of each subscale (awareness, acceptance, and self-recollection) were analysed by Pearson's correlation coefficient and Cronbach's alpha, respectively. Srithanya Stress Test was applied to test the discriminant validity of the questionnaire. The Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale was used for testing the concurrent validity. Results: The 11-item SSS was found to fit across groups of people with different meditation experiences. Two of the components (awareness and self-recollection) explained the overall mindfulness in beginners. The reliability and other psychometric properties of the scale were highly acceptable. Conclusion: The SSS may be a reliable, valid, and acceptable tool for measuring mindfulness in the Thai population. Further studies are warranted in people with more experience in meditation, as well as clinical populations.