A relapse of acute group B streptococcus meningitis in a healthy adult: Case report and review of the literatures

Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) is a rare cause of meningitis in healthy adults. We report the case of a healthy 33-year-old man with acute GBS meningitis who experienced relapsed high-grade fever and increased intracranial pressure following completing intravenous antibiotics. A short course of corticosteroids, along with additional antibiotics, improved the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) profile, and no further complications occurred after the recurrent episodes. The study highlights the need to consider significant CSF inflammation and potential neurological complications in acute GBS meningitis patients, even in the absence of immunodeficiency or previous surgeries. One of the possible routes of infection in our case was suspected from a history of nasal mucosal damage. The importance of careful monitoring and treatment adjustments should be performed and correlated with clinical signs and symptoms.