A Case Report of Lithium-Induced Tardive Dyskinesia

Our case involves an elderly patient with bipolar disorder with a history of long-term low-dose lithium monotherapy (600 mg/day) who subsequently developed tardive dyskinesia as an adverse drug reaction. Generally, tardive dyskinesia is an iatrogenic movement disorder resulting from the long-term use of dopamine-blocking agents. However, lithium, a mood stabilizer with a mechanism of action that is not completely understood, has also been identified in some studies for its potential impact on dopamine synthesis and transmission. While common adverse effects of lithium include nausea, vomiting, and fine tremors, it rarely causes movement disorders. Limited reports exist regarding tardive dyskinesia associated with lithium usage. Following normal laboratory investigations, lithium was discontinued and diazepam was prescribed instead. Subsequent follow-up visits showed an improvement in symptoms.