ปัจจัยที่มีอิทธิพลต่อคุณภาพชีวิตด้านสุขภาพ ของผู้ป่วยวัณโรคปอด

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the predictability of duration of illness, treatment system,
fatigue, and health behaviors on health-related quality of life among pulmonary tuberculosis patients.
Design: Predictive correlational study design.
Methods: The sample was 129 patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis and treated with
anti-tuberculosis drugs who came for follow up at the Internal Medicine Department, outpatient building
at a university hospital in Bangkok. Inclusion criteria included: being new cases, recurrent cases, or relapse
cases who were not in the contagious stage and had improved conditions; having a good conscious; being
able to communicate Thai; and having no cognitive impairment. Exclusion criteria included: being diagnosed
with psychiatric problems and having COVID-19 infected. The instruments used in the study included;
1) The demographic data and illness history form 2) The Revised Piper Fatigue Scale (PFS-12), 3) The Health
Behavior Questionnaire, and 4) The Short Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36). Data were analyzed using descriptive
statistics and multiple regression analysis.
Main finding: The sample had a mean score of overall health-related quality of life of 63.43 (SD = 19.26)
and 38% of them reported that their current health status was similar to that of the previous year.
All independent variables could explain 34% of the variances in health-related quality of life among pulmonary
tuberculosis patients (R
2
= .34). Fatigue was the strongest predictor of health-related quality of life followed by
health behavior and duration of illness (β = - .48, p < .001, β = .16, p < .05, β = .15, p < .05), respectively.
Conclusion and recommendation: As fatigue, health behaviors, and duration of illness could predict
health-related quality of life among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, nurses should assess their
health-related quality of life and it influencing factors and create programs for reducing fatigue and promoting
health behaviors that are tailored to their duration of illness in order to increase the health-related quality
of life of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.
Keywords: duration of illness, fatigue, health behavior, health-related quality of life, pulmonary tuberculosis